add judaism
· 1 year ago
85cfa9daa31631a0e15e5d38c663501b80785f99
Parent:
c8178f353
1 file changed +104 −0
- judaism.html +104 −0
Diff
--- /dev/null +++ b/judaism.html @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> + <title>Judaism ‑ Core Beliefs, Practices & Texts (Interactive Cheatsheet)</title> + <meta name="description" content="Deep‑dive cheatsheet of Judaism: ten foundational beliefs, key practices, sacred texts, 613 mitzvot, rituals, holidays, and messianic hopes. Hebrew toggle & rich pop‑ups included."> + <link rel="canonical" href="http://cheatsheets.davidveksler.com/judaism.html"> + <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/font/bootstrap-icons.min.css"> + <style>:root{--bs-body-bg:#f5faff;--bs-primary:#0d6efd;}body{background:var(--bs-body-bg);font-family:'Segoe UI',Tahoma,Geneva,Verdana,sans-serif;padding-bottom:2.5rem;font-size:16px}.page-header{background:#d0e7ff;padding:2rem 1.5rem;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #b8d8ff}.page-header h1{color:#003366;font-weight:300}.hebrew-toggle-container{margin-top:1rem;font-size:.9em;color:#004c99}.section-title{color:#0d408f;margin:2.7rem 0 1.2rem;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.03em}.info-card{background:#fff;border:1px solid #d6e4ff;border-radius:.35rem;box-shadow:0 3px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.05);height:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.info-card .card-body{padding:1.25rem 1rem;flex-grow:1}.info-card h5{color:#0d408f;font-size:1.05rem;text-align:center;margin-bottom:.75rem;font-weight:700;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:.4rem}.info-card p{font-size:.9rem;color:#444;margin-bottom:.8rem}.info-card ul{padding-left:1.2rem;margin-bottom:0}.info-card li{margin-bottom:.45rem;line-height:1.45}.highlight{color:#0d408f;font-weight:700}.toggle-term .he{font-family:'Frank Ruhl Libre','Times New Roman',serif;font-size:1.05em}.toggle-term .en,.toggle-term .he{display:inline}.row>*{margin-bottom:1.5rem}footer{padding-top:2rem;font-size:.85em;color:#496080} + /* wider popover */.popover{max-width:320px}</style> +</head> +<body> +<header class="page-header"> + <h1 class="display-6"><i class="bi bi-star-of-david"></i> Judaism Cheatsheet</h1> + <p class="lead" style="font-size:1rem">Comprehensive at‑a‑glance guide</p> + <div class="hebrew-toggle-container form-check form-switch d-inline-flex align-items-center"><input class="form-check-input me-2" type="checkbox" id="hebrewToggleSwitch"><label class="form-check-label" for="hebrewToggleSwitch">Show Hebrew</label></div> +</header> +<div class="container"> + + <!-- 1. TEN CORE BELIEFS --> + <h2 class="section-title">Ten Foundational Beliefs</h2> + <div class="row"> + <!-- Use 10 individual cards --> + <!-- 1 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-lightbulb"></i> Divine Unity <span class="toggle-term"><span class="en">Shema</span><span class="he">שמע</span></span><i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Divine Unity / Shema" data-bs-content="Judaism is uncompromisingly monotheistic: God is singular, incorporeal, omnipresent and the source of morality. The Shema (Deut 6:4‑9) is recited twice daily, written in mezuzot and tefillin, and underpins every blessing’s opening formula (Blessed are You, LORD our God…)."></i></h5><p>One indivisible God.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 2 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-people"></i> Covenant <span class="toggle-term"><span class="en">Brit</span><span class="he">ברית</span></span><i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Brit (Covenant)" data-bs-content="Initiated with Abraham (circumcision as sign), reaffirmed at Sinai. It obligates Israel to keep mitzvot; God promises guidance, land and to use Israel as a moral exemplar (Ex 19:6)."></i></h5><p>Mutual pact with God.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 3 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-journal-text"></i> Revelation – <span class="toggle-term"><span class="en">Torah</span><span class="he">תורה</span></span><i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Torah Revelation" data-bs-content="God reveals will through Written Torah (Five Books) & Oral Torah (Mishnah/Gemara). Halakha derives authority from this ongoing chain."></i></h5><p>Sinai as historic watershed.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 4 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-list-check"></i> Halakha & 613 Mitzvot<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Mitzvot / Halakha" data-bs-content="248 positive + 365 prohibitions regulate ritual (Shabbat, Kashrut, prayer) and ethics (tzedakah, honesty). Halakha literally means ‘the way to walk.’"></i></h5><p>Life regulated by law‑command.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 5 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-book-half"></i> Torah Study<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Talmud Torah" data-bs-content="Study is itself a commandment that equals all others (Mishnah Peah 1:1). Daily daf yomi cycle finishes Talmud every 7½ years."></i></h5><p>Lifelong intellectual worship.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 6 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-calendar-event"></i> Shabbat & Sacred Time<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Shabbat" data-bs-content="Re‑enacts creation & Exodus. 39 categories of ‘melacha’ prohibited. Candles, Kiddush wine, challah, Havdalah spice/braid close day."></i></h5><p>Weekly sanctuary in time.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 7 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-hand-thumbs-up"></i> Ethics / <span class="toggle-term"><span class="en">Tzedakah</span><span class="he">צדקה</span></span><i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Ethical Monotheism" data-bs-content="Charity is mandated at ~10 % income; pursuit of justice (‘tzedek tzedek tirdof’) and <em>tikkun olam</em> (repairing the world) extend holiness into society."></i></h5><p>Justice & compassion obligatory.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 8 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-person-raised-hand"></i> Free Will & Responsibility<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Yetzer Tov & Ra" data-bs-content="Humans possess good and evil inclinations. Choice legitimizes reward/punishment (Deut 30:19)."></i></h5><p>Humans choose good/evil.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 9 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-lightning-charge"></i> Holiness <span class="toggle-term"><span class="en">Kedusha</span><span class="he">קדושה</span></span><i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Kedusha" data-bs-content="Command ‘Be holy, for I am holy’ (Lev 19). Blessings before mundane acts elevate the ordinary."></i></h5><p>Sanctify every action.</p></div></div></div> + <!-- 10 --> + <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-globe"></i> Messianic Hope<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Mashiach & Olam Ha‑Ba" data-bs-content="Future Davidic king ushers global peace; resurrection affirms body‑soul unity. Hope energizes present ethics."></i></h5><p>Vision of perfected world.</p></div></div></div> + </div> + + <!-- 2. KEY PRACTICES --> + <h2 class="section-title">Key Practices</h2> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-chat-dots"></i> Tefillah (Prayer)<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Daily Tefillah" data-bs-content="Services correspond to Temple offerings: Shacharit – Abraham, Mincha – Isaac, Maariv – Jacob. Core Amidah (19 blessings) + Shema, Psalms. Minyan (10) requires quorum."></i></h5><ul><li>3× daily liturgy</li><li>Face Jerusalem, don tallit & tefillin (weekday AM)</li></ul></div></div></div> + <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-egg-fried"></i> Kashrut (Dietary Law)<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Kashrut Details" data-bs-content="Prohibit: pork, shellfish, blood. Meat/dairy separation → 6 h wait (Ashk.), 3 h (Some Dutch), none for fish/eggs. Kosher supervision symbols (OU, K‑of‑K, Chabad)."></i></h5><ul><li>Permitted species list</li><li>Meat ↔ dairy separation</li></ul></div></div></div> + <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-hash"></i> Blessings & Sacred Speech<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Berachot" data-bs-content="100 blessings/day ideal. Form: ‘Baruch atah…’ Categories before food, scents, mitzvot, and after experiences. Promotes gratitude awareness."></i></h5><p>Elevate daily moments.</p></div></div></div> + </div> + + <!-- 3. SACRED TEXTS --> + <h2 class="section-title">Sacred Texts</h2> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-book"></i> Torah Scroll<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Sefer Torah" data-bs-content="Hand‑written on parchment, no vowels, read publicly Mon/Thu/Sat; annual or triennial cycle."></i></h5><p>Center of synagogue ritual.</p></div></div></div> + <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-journals"></i> Tanakh<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Tanakh Structure" data-bs-content="Nevi’im split into Former (historical) & Latter (prophetic). Ketuvim = poetry & wisdom (Psalms, Job) + late history (Ezra)."></i></h5><p>24 canonical books.</p></div></div></div> + <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"><h5><i class="bi bi-journal-richtext"></i> Talmud & Midrash<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Talmud Layers" data-bs-content="Mishnah (200 CE) – 6 orders; Babylonian Gemara (500 CE) expands. Midrash aggadah offers homiletics."></i></h5><p>Engine of rabbinic law.</p></div></div></div> + </div> + + <!-- 4. MITZVOT SUMMARY CARD PRESENT --> + <h2 class="section-title">Mitzvot Overview</h2> + <div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body text-center"><h5><i class="bi bi-list-check"></i> 613 Commandments<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Sample Mitzvot" data-bs-content="Positive: Light Shabbat candles (#25), Love your neighbor (#206). Negative: Gossip (#301), Pork (#171), Work on Yom Kippur (#186)."></i></h5><p class="mb-1">Organized by Rambam into 14 books (<em>Mishneh Torah</em>).</p><p style="font-size:.85rem">Classified as duties to God vs. to people.</p></div></div></div></div> + + <!-- RITUALS & FESTIVALS section updated --> + <h2 class="section-title">Rituals & Festivals</h2> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"> + <h5><i class="bi bi-heart-pulse"></i> Life‑Cycle Milestones<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Lifecycle Details" data-bs-content="Birth: Brit Milah day 8 or Simchat Bat naming; Coming‑of‑age: Bar Mitzvah (13) / Bat Mitzvah (12); Marriage: Chuppah canopy, Ketubah, Sheva Brachot, glass‑breaking; Mourning: Shiva 7 days, Shloshim 30 days, Kaddish 11 months, annual Yahrzeit memorial."></i></h5> + <p class="description">Ritual markers for each stage of life:</p> + <ul> + <li><strong>Brit Milah</strong> / <strong>Simchat Bat</strong> – covenantal entry & naming.</li> + <li><strong>Bar/Bat Mitzvah</strong> – assumption of mitzvah responsibility.</li> + <li><strong>Chuppah & Ketubah</strong> – sanctified marriage contract.</li> + <li><strong>Shiva & Yahrzeit</strong> – structured mourning & memory.</li> + </ul> + </div></div></div> + <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body"> + <h5><i class="bi bi-calendar2-week"></i> Festival Cycle<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Pilgrimage & Rabbinic Holidays" data-bs-content="Torah festivals: Passover (matzah, seder), Shavuot (dairy, Ten Commandments), Sukkot (booths, lulav). High Holy Days: Rosh Hashanah shofar blasts, Yom Kippur 25‑hour fast. Rabbinic: Hanukkah (8‑day lights), Purim (Megillah, costumes, gifts)."></i></h5> + <p class="description">Annual rhythm of sacred time:</p> + <ul> + <li><strong>Rosh Hashanah</strong> – New Year, shofar, introspection.</li> + <li><strong>Yom Kippur</strong> – Day of Atonement, fasting, repentance.</li> + <li><strong>Passover</strong> – Exodus seder, matzah, freedom.</li> + <li><strong>Shavuot</strong> – Torah revelation, all‑night study, dairy.</li> + <li><strong>Sukkot</strong> – Harvest booths, lulav & etrog, hospitality.</li> + <li><strong>Hanukkah</strong> – Oil miracle, menorah lighting 8 nights.</li> + <li><strong>Purim</strong> – Esther story, costumes, charity, feasting.</li> + </ul> + </div></div></div> + </div> + + <!-- 6. ULTIMATE VISION --> + <h2 class="section-title">Messianic Vision</h2> + <div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="info-card"><div class="card-body text-center"><h5><i class="bi bi-globe"></i> Future Redemption<i class="bi bi-info-circle" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-title="Articles of Faith" data-bs-content="Maimonides’ Principles 12‑13: belief in Mashiach & resurrection. Prophets depict swords‑to‑plowshares era. Hope expressed daily in Amidah (blessings 10‑15)."></i></h5><p>Anchors hope, ethics & perseverance.</p></div></div></div></div> +</div> +<footer class="container text-center"><p>© 2025 · Compiled from Tanakh, Talmud & classic commentators. Double‑check details with a qualified rabbi.</p></footer> +<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> +<script>[...document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="popover"]')].forEach(el=>new bootstrap.Popover(el,{trigger:'hover focus',sanitize:false}));[...document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]')].forEach(el=>new bootstrap.Tooltip(el));const toggle=document.getElementById('hebrewToggleSwitch');const terms=document.querySelectorAll('.toggle-term');const applyLang=()=>{const showHe=toggle.checked;terms.forEach(t=>{const en=t.querySelector('.en');const he=t.querySelector('.he');if(en&&he){en.style.display=showHe?'none':'inline';he.style.display=showHe?'inline':'none';}})};toggle.addEventListener('change',applyLang);applyLang();</script> +</body> +</html>